Assignment #3: Independent t-test, Paired t-test,
ANOVA
Objectives of Assignment
The student will learn how to:
 write null and research hypotheses;
 select and run the appropriate analysis in SPSS;
 report findings of SPSS version 28 analysis in APA format;
 create tables showing findings of SPSS analyses in APA format;
 apply correct terminology in reporting findings; and
 employ APA formatting for scientific research reports.
Steps of Assignment
Method Section
 In this section of your paper you should include enough information for a reader
to be able to repeat your analysis if they had access to the same data set:
1. Give the title of the data set you used.
2. List the variables that you used in your analysis and include a table of
descriptive statistics for those variables (N, Mean, and Standard
Deviation).
3. List the statistical tests you conducted and what software platform you
used.
4. Give your research questions, null and research/alternative hypotheses
for your independent samples t-test, paired samples t-test, and
ANOVA. You may want to use subheadings for each test.
Independent Samples t-test
1. Run an Independent Samples t-test in SPSS version 28 using all the “selected” variables.
2. Report your Independent Samples t-test results appropriately, including the t value
and p value (using notation).
3. Make a t-test table (including a title) in correct APA format for your
Independent Samples t-test.
4. Create a bar chart with bars that represent the means of the two groups compared
in your Independent Samples t-test and error bars that represent the standard
deviation of those mean. Include these in your paper in correct APA format including
titles.
5. Interpret and draw an inference based your Independent Samples t-test.
Draw conclusions regarding your findings with respect to your null
hypothesis.
Paired Samples t-test
6. Conduct a Paired Samples t-test for two variables (measured for the same student at
two different time points) from the NELS data.
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7. Report your results in the narrative giving the t value and p value
8. Make a t-test table (including a title) in correct APA format for your Paired Samples t-
test.
9. Create a bar chart with bars that represent the means of the two different time
points compared in your Paired Samples t-test and error bars that represent the
standard deviation of those mean. Include these in your paper in correct APA format
including titles.
10. Interpret and draw an inference based your Paired Samples t-test. Draw conclusions
regarding your findings with respect to your null hypothesis.
ANOVA
11. Conduct an ANOVA to compare the means of a dependent/criterion variable between
three or more groups. Use post hoc tests to identify any significant mean differences
between individual groups.
12. Report your results in the narrative giving the F values and p value.
13. Create a bar chart with bars that represent the means of the three or more groups
compared in your ANOVA and error bars that represent the standard deviation of
those means. Include these in your paper in correct APA format including titles.
14. Correctly interpret the post hoc tests of individual mean differences between groups
15. Interpret and draw an inference based your ANOVA. Draw conclusions regarding
your findings with respect to your null hypothesis.
General APA Formatting Requirements
1. Pick a title for your paper and create an appropriate APA title page.
2. Remembering the format you studied last term, write the paper as though you are
writing a research paper with research questions and hypotheses. Use your findings to
answer your research question. Interpret the findings that you have put into tables and
scatterplots by writing in text about them using the terms and concepts learned in
class. Make sure you include all the concepts taught in class. Keep a close check with
your notes.
3. Your grade will be based on fulfillment of the objectives listed above as well as the
quality of your writing, the inclusiveness of your writing, and the accuracy (correctness)
of your work.
4. This paper may be no longer than six (6) pages including the title page, excluding references.
APA Reminders
This list is not intended to be all-inclusive. It is only intended to give you an idea of some
points to consider.
 Make sure the entirety of each table is on one page. Do not carry part of a table to
another page.
 Always insert tables or diagrams immediately after the paragraph where each is first
introduced.
 Do not use color.
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 Always refer to the table or figure by table or figure number.
 Remember to use the correct unit of the variables with which you are working.